levels cholesterol in the blood are linked, not only the function of the liver and to our daily diet, but also to the action carried out by remote brain.
E 'identified a new mechanism regulating endogenous levels of cholesterol, a molecule considered as an important cardiovascular risk factor .
Cholesterol is a lipid molecule, a fundamental component of membrane of all animal cells . It is poorly water soluble and is to operate within the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane.
Cholesterol intervening in the formation and repair of cell membranes behave, along with protein molecules, as a kind of filter that regulates the passage of substances through the cell membrane itself.
This molecule is involved in the biosynthesis of vitamin D, steroid hormones and sex hormones such as androgens, testosterone, estrogen and progesterone.
Man produces physiologically, independently, most of the cholesterol needed for its cells, while only a small part (on average about 10% of the total daily demand) is assumed through diet.
Most of the cholesterol metabolism is in fact liver.
cholesterol in the blood is not free, but it binds to specific proteins, forming lipoproteins . Depending on the type of carrier with which the complex is classified as VLDL cholesterol (low density), LDL (low density) and HDL (high density). Approximately 60-80% of the cholesterol circulating in the blood appears to be in the form of LDL. The LDL cholesterol level may issue the endothelial wall of blood vessels, contributing to the formation of the atheromatous plaque typical of atherosclerosis. In contrast lipoproteins HDL removes cholesterol from arteries and back to the liver.
Action opposite LDL-cholesterol should therefore provide a good overall balance in blood levels of cholesterol. In this way, cholesterol is only one , but not the only risk factor for cardiovascular disease : among others, include smoking, obesity, hypertension, diabetes.
It 'important to remember that a proper diet will benefit not so much the amount of dietary cholesterol but endogenous production of the molecule.
With a strictly naturalistic approach, you can choose to consume more green tea, a substance which is to inhibit an important enzyme in the synthesis of cholesterol, and less coffee, drink it tends to raise total cholesterol levels, as reducing the intake of carbohydrates, cholesterol precursors.
E 'also known as aerobic exercise (running, cycling, etc..) Conducted in average intensity, is able to increase the HDL fraction of lipoproteins (those which removes cholesterol from arteries).
thus appears to control blood cholesterol can be reached from multiple fronts. In this context, a group of researchers at the University of Cincinnati (Ohio) has outlined a new way to control cholesterol, which passes through the hypothalamus.
The hypothalamus is a gland located centrally within the two cerebral hemispheres. This anatomical structure is appointed to many functions, including control of peripheral autonomic mechanisms, endocrine activity, thermoregulation, sleep.
hypothalamus and expressed a particular protein receptor (MC4R) that is recognized and bound by ghrelin. This, also called the hunger hormone, is a molecule produced by specific cells of the stomach, as summarized in the fasting state increases and decreases about an hour after the meal.
In the study, published in "Nature Neuroscience " emerges as ghrelin, binding to the MC4R receptor in the hypothalamus, implementing a remote control on the liver, decreasing the absorption of cholesterol by the body itself, leading to increased serum cholesterol.
Further research is needed, since the mice physiologically HDL levels higher than those of man. However, this study offers new perspectives for the development of anti-cholesterol drugs which have as their target the specific regulatory mechanisms mediated by ghrelin.
(from Roberto Insolia-GO Articles )
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