Here we present the basic concepts of human nutrition: macronutrients and micronutrients.
The term defines the act of supply nutrition from living organisms from all substances (food) necessary for their lives. Today, with the same term is defined the science that studies the relationship between eating habits (diet) and physical state (health) of a person .
Nutrition is based on the principle that an optimal state physical reach balancing the intake of different nutrients such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins.
These elements are to:
produce metabolic energy for vital functions (carbohydrates, fats, proteins);
provide structural components for growth and tissue repair (protein);
provide the elements needed to biochemical reactions, all ' cell interior (minerals and vitamins).
total nutrients can be divided into macronutrients (to be taken in relatively large amounts) and micronutrients (needed in small amounts).
Macronutrients include carbohydrates, fats, fiber, protein and water.
Micronutrients are the minerals and vitamins.
Amino acids are the basic units of proteins and lipids (fats) are among the main constituents of cell membranes and messenger molecules within cells.
Macronutrients have a duty to provide these basic components, ie, amino acids and fats, our cells . In turn, the same basic components can be used to generate energy within the cell.
Fats provide more than twice as much energy than carbohydrates and proteins, although the net energy at the cellular level may depend on various factors including the level of use of specific elements and the same digestive activity.
atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen molecules form of carbohydrates and fats. Carbohydrates can take simple monosaccharide structures (such as glucose, fructose) or more complex polysaccharides such as starch. The animal fats are composed of triglycerides, three fatty acid monomers bound to a skeleton of glycerol.
E 'important in our diet there are also fat, as some of these molecules (known as essential) are not synthesized within our cells.
Amino acids, the basic components of protein molecules are composed of nitrogen atoms, as well as carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. As with fats, there are some essential amino acids which must be made through the daily diet.
cells through biochemical processes that consume energy, are then able to convert some amino acids into glucose which in turn can be used to produce energy.
Micronutrients are the minerals and vitamins . As the name suggests are substances naturally present in low amounts in our bodies, but the lack of which can lead to serious imbalances and disease. They can not be synthesized within the organism, but since there is no food that contains them all in the right quantity, is important to have a varied diet. However, some substances are difficult to recruit through the power and therefore it is recommended that the specific integration.
In conclusion, we can say that the old adage that it is important to eat a little ' of everything in moderation, is certainly valid.
( by Roberto Insolia - Press-Stampa.net )
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